Vaccines

Nasal delivery of vaccines recently has emerged as an attractive alternative to injection and other currently available dosage forms. Nasal delivery offers the advantage of elevating both mucosal and systemic responses. More specifically, nasally delivered vaccines have proven to induce protection in all of the body’s mucosal sites. This is significant because the majority of disease-causing viruses and bacteria enter the human body through mucosal surfaces. Attempts to develop oral vaccines have been largely unsuccessful because of degradation and dilution in the stomach and intestines.

We believe additional advantages of intranasal vaccinations include the following:

• The nose has a highly vascularized mucosa facilitating absorption;
• Intranasal delivery allows for faster onset and stronger immune responses than other delivery options;
• Needle-free administration makes nasal delivery more suitable for mass vaccinations; and
• Eliminating needles also reduces the risk of HIV and hepatitis infection, among other diseases.